"When you are dealing with thousands of volunteers -- people who have said we are going to step up to the plate and help make our neighborhood better -- if it's someone that I or an officer has an uncomfortable feeling about, or a neighbor might come up and say 'that person really isn't safe,' we check it out," Caldwell said. "We try to be careful about who becomes part of the Neighborhood Watch."
But some areas lack the necessary police resources to conduct background checks on all Neighborhood Watch volunteers, because they are strapped for cash, Caldwell continued. Another pitfall is that Neighborhood Watch training does not involve any psychological evaluation.
Yet, Tutko believes that if Zimmerman had tried to join or start a registered group, he would have been stopped. The fact that Zimmerman was known to have made over 40 calls to police to report suspicious activities in recent months would have raised suspicions of him. "If the police were called that many times, you look at what the end game was," he said. "Was there anything found? If nothing was found, that person needs to be counseled, or reeducated, or otherwise told you are not going to be allowed on the Neighborhood Watch."
Zimmerman also called himself the "captain" of his neighborhood watch leading many to question whether it is some sort of militaristic organization, which might have emboldened Martin's killer to use violence. "When you say 'block captain'? To me that's an administrative person, someone who puts together schedules," Tutko clarified. "But certainly you're not the person in charge, and no one will be following orders from this person."
All of these factors point to the benefits of registering Neighborhood Watch groups, who receive training, vetting, and work intimately with police. "It comes down to [knowing] the person that's out there. If you're not partnering with a law enforcement agency, who vets these people? How do we know? We could be sitting talking in a meeting, talking about going on vacation, and our alarms and locks, and the person in the meeting, who is a member of the neighborhood watch, could be the person who is going to break into your house -- and we don't know that," Tutko warned.
The tragedy of Trayvon Martin's death at the hands of someone who claimed to be a Neighborhood Watch captain will not alter the structure of the organization. Yet, "Our condolences go out to the family, because this was not necessary," Tutko said of the Trayvon Martin shooting.
"The only change will be to use this as an example of what not to do," he confirmed.
"Neighborhood Watch -- the way we teach it, and the way it has always been -- is based on the premise that we don't carry weapons, nor do we intervene in any incidences," the leader continued. "Because what that does is escalate a situation and makes a volunteer another victim. We'll use this sad event as a bad example, but we won't be changing any literature or protocols."
For Caldwell, Martin's death might strengthen the resolve of Neighborhood Watch volunteers to do good.
"Does this put a blemish on Neighborhood Watch? At first I thought it might," Caldwell concluded. "But the people that are truly trained, that are part of Neighborhood Watch, know that this is more the exception to the rule, than anything else," she said of Martin's shooting.
"And they know what the right program is, and what the wrong program is. This has made people stronger and more determined that they get people involved in the right way. They want to reinforce the philosophy of Neighborhood Watch."