BBC Europe editor Mark Mardell asks what can be learnt from a Unicef report comparing and contrasting children's well-being across Europe and why Britain ends up bottom of the class.
PARENTAL ANXIETY
All but oblivious to the Belgians around us tucking into their steak au poivre we held hands across the cafe table and talked. I didn't need the prompting of a Unicef report to gossip with my eight-year-old daughter, but its unspoken disapproval of parents who never make it home to share an evening meal had perhaps hit home.
Why is it so many British children dislike school?
Anyway, my daughter asked me what I had been up to in the past week and I told her about my day trip to the Netherlands to cover the story of their happy children and Britain's unhappy ones. She observed that when children arrived from Britain to join her school they often seemed defensive and unsure of the other children at first. A natural consequence of a big move and a new place perhaps, but is there something rotten in the state of childhood in Britain?
DUTCH LAUGHTER
The Dutch teenagers I meet at a school just outside Utrecht certainly seem keen to live up to the reputation given to them by the report, as the happiest kids in Europe. True, drama lessons do tend to be at the lighter end of school life. But the hooting laughter that greets one girl's rather skilful attempts to do a rapid-fire murder mystery charade speak volumes. They're falling over themselves laughing as she hoots and flaps her arms, grabs hold of classmates to simulate raucous carousing and mimes putting on make-up.
According to the survey, Dutch children rather like school. I find a few boys who say, no they hate it and it's boring, but most agree it's a good place to be.. And whenever I ask "why?" the answer is the same: "It's somewhere you can be with your friends". By the way, the answer to the murder mystery: Tweetie Pie was the killer, at a carnival, and the murder weapon was mascara.
Dutch royals on holiday appear to embody the nation's family values
One of the many surprising things about the report is that in liberal Holland, drunkenness, smoking, teenage pregnancy and even cannabis consumption were all lower than in Britain, where whatever the behaviour on the streets there is no shortage of moralising from on-high.
Drawn into the Utrecht school's rehearsal hall by the strains of a rather good Nirvana cover thumping out, I talk to the band Appleslapp. The lead guitarist tells me people don't feel the need to take drugs or get drunk to break a taboo. He rather spoils the effect by adding: "here people smoke weed because they like it". He says there are classes in school covering all these perils. The lead singer, a girl, blushes as she says "in biology they even tell us how to use a condom".
SURPRISING FINDINGS
What is startling about this report into the well-being of children in Europe is that the countries at the top and bottom of the poll don't seem to me so different. The Netherlands and Britain are both rather overcrowded, rich northern European countries with a strong work ethic and pockets of poverty. There's a great deal of concern in Britain about relentless hours and little spare time, so some made an automatic assumption that parents' quality time with children was the key difference. It's certainly true, or at least it's certainly a result of this survey, that Dutch families have more meals together and put aside more time to talk to their children than the Brits. Although Italy comes out tops in the "family meal" stakes, it's not those countries with a Mediterranean attitude to the importance of the family or the relative unimportance of work that win out. Indeed, Germany, famed for having short working hours for social reasons, is worst when it comes to putting time aside for a chat.
The Portuguese are best at eating fruit every day, the Finns worst. The Germans are the most determined underage smokers, the Poles have the most virginal 15-year-olds. The Finns dislike school the most, but have the highest educational achievements. Belgium's 15-year-olds are way out ahead in feeling awkward and out of place, while the Swedes are least likely to feel this. The "negative feeling" question throws up one remarkable non-European comparison: while 5-20% of European children report feeling lonely, a staggering 30% of Japanese kids feel this way. The Hungarians are most likely to have been in a fight, the Finns the least - no doubt aggression sapped by the lack of fruit and all that studying. The Norwegians, who like school the most, are the least likely to be unemployed at 19.
OPTIMISTS V CYNICS
The real key though may have nothing directly to do with "well-being" and everything to do with national character, if such a thing exists. The report interprets some facts: for instance it assumes that living in a single-parent family gives a negative score to a "child's well-being". Some would say that's common sense, others would find it contentious. What is odder is that it mixes purely factual statistics, such as infant mortality rate, with reported opinion on facts ("I live in a low-income house" or " I have been bullied") and with the purely subjective. And it's the latter that is so fascinating.
I haven't gone as far as pulling apart the statistics and re-averaging them, but I am pretty convinced what puts Dutch kids out on top and British ones at the bottom is their own opinion of their lives. Really striking is what they think of children their own age. Are they kind and helpful? More than 70% of Dutch children say "yes" and the figure is higher still in Switzerland, Portugal, Austria, Sweden, Germany, Denmark and Norway. In Britain under half the children reckon their peers are helpful, the lowest of any of the 31 countries on the graph. When asked how satisfied they are with their life, the Dutch come out on top, the British down at the bottom with the Poles and Portuguese.
I wonder what is behind this? The Dutch have always seemed to me a contented bunch. I am trying to find the right phrase: most of those I want to use, like "self-satisfied" or "pleased with themselves", have a negative connotation of smugness, and that is not what I mean. But perhaps the very fact that it is difficult to find a positive phrase for this feeling in English speaks volumes. Britain is a cynical place, and I wonder whether British children just think it's uncool to admit to liking their classmates or their life. Not to mention a greater willingness to own up to underage sex and drinking than, say, the Poles. I think life probably is rather nicer, more friendly, more relaxed in the Netherlands (and Belgium) than the UK, but is it really so very different?
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