No, it definitely is NOT the only answer. I think there are multiple valid solutions for a hearing family with deaf child, the following are just 3 of the more common, no one of these is 'right' for every child:
- Focus on English: Strengthen what people here have called the 'weak sense' (with HAs, CIs, etc) and provide a home and academic environment (mainstream or av/ao school) that bathes the child in fluent language using that sense (English) [ASL as a secondary language]
- Focus on ASL: Provide intensive sign language immersion to the family and close contacts and a home and academic environment (bi-bi/ASL school) that bathes the child in fluent language (ASL or other sign) [English as a secondary language]
- Bilingual: Provide intensive sign language immersion to the family and close contacts and a home and academic environment that bathes the child in fluent language [ASL and English concurrent] (if ASL is primary at home, then ao/av or mainstream school; if spoken language primary at home, then bi-bi/asl school) [this one is our choice ]
In a perfect world, all three could be optimal solutions for a child, with no gaps
IF the CIs/ HAs do provide adequate access to sound,
IF everyone in the home environment is or becomes a fluent language user as a model for that child,
IF the appropriate school environment is available, and most important,
IF the child's is comfortably and effectively using the chosen means of communication.
I've seen this 'perfect world' in place for every single one of these approaches. I've also seen some messed up situations, sadly, when a variable unexpectedly wallops the plan (if a signing child wants to speak/listen, if a child with CI doesn't want to or can't hear appropriately), if an extended family doesn't use ASL exclusively in proximity to a signing child at home and instead one fluent member interprets the 'important bits.' But I think people need to be flexible in working with these options and have the drive to let go of something that perhaps was, but isn't ideal and adapt to what actually works for a child when that happens, regardless of which "camp" you might have been in at the start.