Sign Language - Indian Sign Language
Who Were the First American Signers?
By Jamie Berke, About.com
Updated: April 27, 2009
Native Americans
Who were the first people to sign in America? It may have been the native American Indians. Early explorers that discovered America came across native Americans communicating easily and freely in sign language.
Why did the native Americans develop a sign language? Indian Sign Language, also known as Plains Sign Language, was developed by Indian society to meet a need for clear communication between tribes that spoke different languages. It had nothing whatsoever to do with hearing loss. It was used only by Indians in the Plains.
As with any native language, Indian Sign Language was in danger of dying out and being lost. In 1930, the U.S. government sponsored a conference on Indian Sign Language that included the production of a film, "The Indian Sign Language." This film is reportedly stored at the National Archives.
To my surprise, I discovered that books and online sign language dictionaries for Indian sign language are available for those who are curious about this unique sign language.
Online Dictionaries
The Native American "Indian" Sign Language Dictionary offers written and graphical descriptions of signs. The site also includes interesting features such as how to tell your name in Indian sign language,
Historical Films
I searched the website of the National Archives trying to find the record of that conference from 1930 and was unable to find it so I can not confirm that it is still available in Federal records. However, I did find the film "The Lord's Prayer in Indian Sign Language," File Designator/ID No./Format: MFF MPR# 450 MPPCAK, available under Nixon Presidential Materials. Another historical film that is in the records of the Smithsonian Institution, is a 13-reel motion picture of the "development of an intertribal sign language dictionary of the American Indians of the Great Plains, and the theory, history, and practice of the sign language, ca. 1930-31," listed under record group 106.4.
Currently Available Books
Many books on Indian Sign Language are available. Some of these books focus on demonstrating the signs, while others include detailed histories of Indian sign language.
.
: