I myself have attended ARC as a full-time student and worked part-time for the past year and I am still receiving SSI benefits. The Financial Aid department has been very good with disbursements. My best friend got his full disbursement for the Spring 2014 semester two weeks before classes started.
As for your vocational rehabilitation counselor, he does not seem to have considered the situation in full. It is very difficult to find stable long-term work, even for hearing applicants, as California's economy has had a very slow recovery from the Great Recession. Not to mention that more and more postings require an Associate's or Bachelor's degree AND between 1 to 3 years of work experience. Many fresh graduates with Associate's / Bachelor's degrees struggle to find work because they did not accumulate any or sufficient work experience over the time span of their academic endeavors, and this is exactly what I want to avoid. It is the key reason why I have chosen to continue working as I pursue my degree. Employers like "well-rounded" employees. And even if you opted to go work--depending on the field you wanted to work in--you would have to do continuing education units (CEUs for short) just for retention anyways and some of those CEUs are available at community colleges.
You may want to take advantage of the BOG Fee Waiver at ARC, as SSI/SSDI recipients automatically qualify. What the BOG Fee Waiver does is waiver all the tuition and fees for the semester (except for the $9.16, which is left over). You would only need to worry about books and supplies, that's it, which financial aid would cover. The Social Security Administration does not count any disbursements you receive from the Financial Aid department for your post-secondary education, as that is separate from any other income you receive (i.e., from your family or friends, from work, et cetera).
I think you will come to discover that CART (the live captioning service you referred to) is a very useful tool of material accessibility for your courses. Just keep in mind that extensive reading will be required for you to go through the CART lecture transcriptions.