I grew up with no dogs because my mother was afraid of them. I had to wait until I was out of college and on my own. Then I got my first dog! Happy me!
And I have had dogs pretty much ever since, LOL! :P When my DH (husband) & I married we each had a dog. Neither of us was going to give our dog up. His was 125 lab/shepherd mix and mine a Norwegian Elkhound, 60 lbs. The dogs formed a peaceful pack with us and all was peaceful in our little house. 5 years later we had our daughter. We never for a moment feared for her safety. Even in her crawling and toddling stages, the dogs accepted her and protected her just like they did us. But we made sure they did not suffer from lack of attention or exercise from us, after our daughter (DD) came into our lives. We supervised encounters closely, as training sessions for them and for her, as to acceptable behaviors. Made sure the dogs were not ignored or their lives were in too much upheaval, but that DD was part of our family "pack." They accepted that without a qualm. Because we met their psychological & emotional needs as well as our DD's. It took a lot of thought, effort and planning. Of course, we supervised them all, especially DD as she was apt to get into things she shouldn't, being a typical curious kid (like books to tear apart, or scribble in, LOL! or into stuff under the sink - used cabinet locks for that), so we watched her carefully. But we knew our dogs and we trained our daughter to be respectful of them, not pull ears or tail or do other kind of behaviors. She was taught they were not entertainment or toys. It all worked out fine. Now, if someone had threatened her, they would have been all over the transgressor, but never her. You have to know your dogs well, have established you are their pack leader, and so on. Now the dog we have now had a rough first year of her life, being dumped into the confusion and overwhelming experience of shelters, being deaf. She has a strong fear & startle response. We would never have adopted her if we had young children around because she couldn't handle the sudden moves, etc. But we don't and we live a quiet life, and it is good for her, as a rescue dog with special needs. And she is good for us, too.
So, you have to know your dogs. Nothing is 100% "safe" no matter what it is. Total unreasoning fear isn't good, either. I think children should be taught to treat animals respectfully just as they want to be treated, as well as responsible care for them when the child is old enough to participate in the care of family pets. Pets are not playthings but living beings. JMO.