Arsenic in our food supply? How did that ever happen?! That got my attention! I found an interesting
article at Mother Jones that gives some good background info.
It looks like originally, back in the 1940s, everyone thought that arsenic added to chicken feed in it's organic form would be safe. Roxarsone, the product that contains arsenic, was popular because:
* It killed a common parasite in chickens (coccidiosis)
* Made chickens grow larger
* Added a pink hue to the chicken flesh which consumers found attractive (it makes consumers think the chicken is fresh)
(I don't know if its the arsenic in the Roxarsone product that is doing this or other components in the chicken feed additive bundled with the arsenic. Anyone know?)
But eventually people became concerned that the arsenic in the chicken feed changed from an organic to inorganic form which is dangerous.
This caused the European Union to ban the use of arsenic in chicken feed in 1999 and Tyson (A US chicken processor) to voluntarily stop using it in 2004.
Due to the bad publicity, the manufacture of Roxarsone, Pfizer, has voluntarily stopped shipping this within the USA since June. They are still selling it outside of the USA and I haven't seen any articles that mentioned how much of it is still available in the distribution system and on US farms.
And, there are still many smaller USA companies using it. I don't know what it will take for the FDA to ban it.
I'm still trying to get more info, but based on what I've read so far, the real problem may not be the amount of arsenic in the chicken but the arsenic is present in the chicken waste also and eventually ends up in our water supply, and continues to increase.
I think a lot of the US govt regulations and advice (e.g. USDA dietary guidelines) about food is driven by economics. The regulators probably want a good percentage of the food available in the grocery stores to be as inexpensive as possible. Not only for political reasons but also for budgetary reasons -- if food costs goes up then allowances for food stamps, welfare programs,subsidized school lunches, and etc. would probably go up.
And then of course there is the fact that lobbyists have a lot of influence with polititicians and regulators which often means that policies are developed and carried out that are not in the interest of the majority of the US.
<snip>
For decades, the industry and its overseers assured farmers and consumers that poison-laced feed wasn't a problem, because the additive delivers arsenic in organic form, which is much less toxic than its inorganic state. But evidence has been mounting that the arsenic in roxarsone is anything but stable—it shifts from organic to inorganic form under anaerobic conditions, and probably in the intestinal tracts of chickens. Inorganic arsenic is vile stuff. According to Food and Water Watch, "Chronic exposure to arsenic is associated with increased risk for several kinds of cancer, including bladder, kidney, lung, liver and prostate." Moreover, "Arsenic exposure is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, as well as neurological problems in children."
As far back as 1999, concern about arsenic in roxarsone going inorganic spurred the European Union to ban its use; and the US poultry giant Tyson, no doubt fearing liability issues, stopped using it in 2004. But the broader industry kept right on dosing its birds with the arsenic-laced stuff, and the FDA and USDA did nothing to rein them in.
<snip>
Until this year, the US regulatory agencies have reacted to these revelations with silence. The FDA finally got around to testing supermarket chicken samples very recently, and found significantly higher inorganic arsenic levels in meat from roxarsone-treated birds. That finding prompted action: Pfizer's decision to pull its roxarsone within a month. But the action is completely voluntary, and Pfizer is the largest, but not the only, producer of it. According to Food and Water Watch, Pfizer's Alpharma division produces about half of the roxarsone used in the US. What about the other half? The FDA doesn't seem to have the appetite to force an outright ban. In its recent press release, the agency saw fit to sugarcoat its findings: "FDA officials stress that the levels of inorganic arsenic detected were very low and that continuing to eat chicken as 3-Nitro [Pfizer's product] is suspended from the market does not pose a health risk."
Also the FDA has a Q&A website on the arsenic product ( 3-Nitro (Roxarsone) ) here:
Questions and Answers Regarding 3-Nitro (Roxarsone)