Here's my artist's depiction of the world if USA never existed, kinda low quality due to the forum restrictions. Mostly this progression is based on if the new colonies were never formed.

This is entirely speculation, in my free time I present:
Canada would be where all the exiles or pioneers from the english/french colonies ran off to.
Japan would dominate most of China and the outlying pacific islands. Possibly some of california too.
Spanish Territory would've been larger probably.
Native Americans would've had their own small territory, probably.
A part of Africa would be where WW2 left off?
Germany would continue to reign in its upmost standing during the war.
Not sure what would have happened to Aussies/Philippines/Indos and places like that.
China's size would be a lot smaller or cease to exist due to the Sino-Japanese war, and probably future attempts due to no USA intervention.
USSR would've had a smaller portion of their land, as the western tips would probably be controlled by Germany.
I have no idea what would happen to UK/France and things like that, would be completely dependent on the outcomes of WWI/WWII
Anyways, most of this speculation is moot since.. of course we know how it is today. I guess it is interesting to observe however.