DSM IVr is what is used to define Asperger's also its important to note that DSM V will remove Asperger's and just combine it back into HFA High Functioning Autism. For me personally, I don't really care which term people use. More people have heard of Autism, but it is also more Stigmatized. Important to remember it is a Spectrum disorder. Aspires can be all across the spectrum thus we are not all going to present with the same symptoms..
Diagnostic Criteria for 299.80 Asperger's Disorder
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[The following is from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: DSM IV]
(I) Qualitative impairment in social interaction, as manifested by at least two of the following:
(A) marked impairments in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors such as eye-to-eye gaze, facial expression, body posture, and gestures to regulate social interaction
(B) failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level
(C) a lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment, interest or achievements with other people, (e.g.. by a lack of showing, bringing, or pointing out objects of interest to other people)
(D) lack of social or emotional reciprocity
(II) Restricted repetitive & stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities, as manifested by at least one of the following:
(A) encompassing preoccupation with one or more stereotyped and restricted patterns of interest that is abnormal either in intensity or focus. commonly referred to as our "special interests"
(B) apparently inflexible adherence to specific, nonfunctional routines or rituals
(C) stereotyped and repetitive motor mannerisms (e.g. hand or finger flapping or twisting, or complex whole-body movements) the term for this is stimming.
(D) persistent preoccupation with parts of objects
(III) The disturbance causes clinically significant impairments in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
(IV) There is no clinically significant general delay in language (E.G. single words used by age 2 years, communicative phrases used by age 3 years)
(V) There is no clinically significant delay in cognitive development or in the development of age-appropriate self help skills, adaptive behavior (other than in social interaction) and curiosity about the environment in childhood. This is an important characteristic to remember.
(VI) Criteria are not met for another specific Pervasive Developmental Disorder or Schizophrenia."
to summarize, Aspires or Aspies are Usually quite intillegent and knowledgeable esp about their special interests, but socially inept and awkward...